Showing posts with label Adorno. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Adorno. Show all posts

February 21, 2013

From Auroville to Esalen: Yoga of ideas, meetings, and presentation

The accompanying paintings are by Huta who did these directly under the guidance of the Mother. The recitation of the text is in Narad’s (Richard Eggenberger’s) voice. The creation of the video is by Tuhin Chowdhury. This is a beta-version and is being made as an offering to the Mother on her birthday, 21 February [...] Heal with her bliss the tired breast of earth from Savitri 

Shall pour the nectar of a sorrowless life
Around her from her lucid heart of love,
Heal with her bliss the tired breast of earth
And cast like a happy snare felicity.

Maybe the discussion's number it's wrong, but the point it's that Auroville is piling up much more meetings and presentation than facts and actions. It seems that the further we go in the development harder it gets to take decisions and act consequently. This may sound slightly negative but was the feeling expressed of some of the participants at the meeting. The frustration reflects the little progress Auroville has achieved recently. Maybe it's time to act?

Don’t worry if you don’t understand whats written on this page. Whether the Gods exist or not is of no relevance to the novice. As you develop deeper understanding of your inner movements, you will begin to understand everything else. Spiritual development is like an growing and ascending spiral, which starts from a bright point and gradually envelopes and illumines the surrounding areas.
In the beginning, one must focus on psychology (how should I live?) rather than ontology (what exists out there?). You have to read literature which motivates you to live better, which awakens introspection as well as the Atman within. If you have an affinity for Sri Aurobindo, start reading his works such as SavitriEssays on the GitaLife DivineSynthesis of Yoga or the Letters on Yoga. It may take a few readings to grasp his texts but keep trying because its worth it.

The problem is that this strategy seems to exchange one form of power and domination for another.  In the first instance, we’re in the thrall of dominant codes that typify our identities and reduce us to good consumers.  In the latter instance, however, we seem to become hypnotized by the text and thereby enslaved.  Like the cult follower that believes that the leader contains a mysterious amalga or objet a around which our desire comes to pulsate, the enigmatic and elusive text comes to capture our desire and enslave us.
I began by looking for a point of resistance to the dominant codes structuring communicative capitalism.  I turned to this thinker or that to find technologies of resistance at the level of the semiotic.  Yet now I find that I’m trapped in the enigma or the elusiveness of that theorist’s writing.  My goal begins to change.  Where before it was strategies of resistance, now it’s understanding the theorist.  Hours and years are now spent deciphering Lacan, Deleuze, Derrida, Adorno, Hegel, and so on.  “They must,” I reason, “know what they’re saying, they must have a secret behind all of this, and I only fail because I haven’t read enough, haven’t done enough work tracking down their references, haven’t followed their lines of thought carefully enough!” Paradoxically, then, such texts tend to produce university discourses.  The product of identification with a hypnotic text is a divided subject ($) that has become caught within the thrall of the master-figure (S1), becoming their servant by endlessly doing commentary on their work.  The old goal disappears– though to be sure, it’s still given lip service –and the new goal becomes a life devoted to understanding Heidegger, Hegel, Lacan, Deleuze, Derrida, and so on.  Of course, there’s no end to this project insofar as it belongs to the nature of objet a to slip away. 
Oh don’t get me wrong.  I’m not suggesting that any of these thinkers should be rejected on the grounds of style.  I’ve certainly gained much by becoming hypnotized by all the thinkers I’ve listed here.  I do, however, think that style can be a form of power– sometimes hypnotizing us like the cult leader, at other times functioning as a shibboleth for privileged communities –and that it’s not clear that conceptual work, clearly expressed, can’t be a more effective strategy against communicative capitalism.  Indeed, another danger that arises out of the enigmatic text is that it becomes mere noise for the broader society, having little to no effect outside the halls of the academies.  I will suggest– perhaps imprudently –that such texts seem to suggest a somewhat poor regard to readers.  To publish a text is to invite others to read.  Those who read give their time.  In a world saturated by information as ours is today, it seems somehow wrong to entrap others in your text when they wish to learn from you and give portions of their life over to you.

If there is one theme in The Hermetic Deleuze:  Philosophy and Spiritual Ordeal that I think causes the most ambivalence for myself, and for contemporary philosophy, it is the possibility, today, of conceiving thought—any thought, whether hermetic or rationalist—as some kind of affirmation of life.  My overwhelming impression of much of contemporary continental and post-continental reflection is that it is conditioned by an almost paralyzing combination of dread, horror, and malaise over the ongoing ecological holocaust (and its twin, economic endgame) through which we are currently “living,” if one could even call it that.  The most difficult thing I continue to try to come to terms with, in my own life and work, is what it means to engage in thought and spiritual discipline as some kind of intensified relation to “nature” when “nature” has become something like absolute contingency, incarnate…
We might focus here by a return to Christian Kerslake’s question in response to my first response, to Dan Barber:  what is a specifically hermetic incarnationalism?   I agree with Christian that something like tantric sciences, focusing on the body, breath, chakras, and extremely local/animist divinities is somehow closer to Deleuze’s own thinking than perhaps any other spiritual tradition.  And yet Deleuze receives his spiritual sciences mediated through a line of Western estoericisms that both incorporate and struggle against Christian theology…
It is interesting that the great critics of Christianity Deleuze admired (and in many ways I count my allegiance to them)—Nietzsche, D.H. Lawrence, Artaud, Bataille—could not but admire the figure of Christ as Love… Most of hermetic mysticism and practice, including alchemy, theosophy, and the Western adoption of tantrism, yoga, and meditation, all seems to be carried out under the sign of Joachim de Fiore’s “Age of the Holy Spirit,” an era in which there is a mesmerizing, uncanny, and ultimately nondual relationship between humanity and divinity (In Difference and Repetition, Deleuze makes tantalizing reference to Fiore, as well as to Vico, in his attempt to explain the relation of the syntheses of time to historical repetition.  He is basically critical, but then as Kerslake has shown, later finds his way to an oblique affirmation of Toynbee’s universal history with its repetition of 22 essential archetypal phases, corresponding to the 22 major arcana of the Tarot).  This is a very different perspective, it seems to me, than the Feuerbachian-cum-death of God point of view that points to the total disenchantment of the world…
Here is an alchemical legend:  the issue (offspring) of Adam is the issue (product) of resurrection.  Hermeticism is the Western version of bodily esotericism.  Yes, Deleuze’s thought is in many ways closer to Tantrism.  I “force” the issue of Hermeticism strategically as a way of locating Western philosophy within a specific impasse between reason and spirit.  But that impasse “is” in some sense the problem of the body (or to use the older term, nature, or the one we are now learning to use, ecology).  That is what is really the limit of Descartes’s “ordeal”: the specific deliverances of what the body might be are forsaken in the name of what the body appears to be, to the mind.  It’s almost as if there is simply a mind-mind problem in Descartes, and as if he never reaches the level of the body—the subtle, alchemical body, the body of the chakras, kunadalini, and the mercurial body of Adam Kadmon.  The specific role that Hermes plays in alchemy is the role of the “mercurial” element, the moist, flowing element that “revives” matter from its slumber.  Mercury is the element of resurrection, and Hermes is a psychopomp… Why resurrection?   The problem of spirituality today is the problem of survival.  This is why, although I have been to Esalen and tasted its nearly supernatural bounties of health and healing, I can only peruse its catalogue and its denizens with a rueful eye.   

(title unknown) from enowning In-der-Blog-sein
The Anti-Modernist on the problem of objective philosophizing
“The theoretical conceals its own concealing, or rather, that it is wholly ignorant to the fact that it forces all of experience into categorical classifications through the creation of an impression that rigorous and detached observation of entities as present-to-hand is the only way to access truth.”

Want to but a tablet-cum-laptop By Mihir Patkar, TNN Feb 20, 2013,
The Lenovo Ideapad Yoga is quite innovative with its ability to flip back its screen by a full 360 degrees, letting you use it as a tablet. In this mode, its keyboard becomes the back plate of the tablet - and although disabled, it can be a bit distracting because you can still feel the play of the keys when you hold it like a slate. Also, the Yoga is quite heavy to be used as a truly portable tablet. Besides, it is extremely hard to read its reflective display in direct sunlight…
So for the money you would spend on the IdeaPad Yoga (86,000 approx) or the XPS 12 (93,000 approx), we would instead recommend you buy a good ultrabook for around 50,000 (such as the Lenovo IdeaPad U310, Dell Inspiron 14z or Samsung NP530U4C) and a highend tablet (Apple iPad, iPad Mini or Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1); these will give you more bang for your buck - at least for the moment.

February 01, 2013

Tilak and Sri Aurobindo gave Indian nationalism a religious hue

Rescuing History from the Nation: Questioning Narratives of Modern ... - Page 223 - Prasenjit Duara - 1996 - Preview - More editions Nandy examines the crippling effects of this ideology on those at the interface of the encounter, people such as Rudyard Kipling, E. M. Forster, and C. F. Andrews, on the one side, and Westernized Indians such as Aurobindo Ghosh on the other.
Colonialism, modernity, and religious identities: religious reform ... - Page 249 - Gwilym Beckerlegge - 2008 - More sophisticated and fruitful is political psychologist Ashis Nandy's 'enquiry into the psychological structures and cultural forces which supported or resisted the culture of colonialism in British India', in which he contrasts Aurobindo with Rudyard Kipling, ... Nandy is weakest when dealing with Aurobindo’s spiritual life, falling back, like Gordon, on unsubstantiated guesswork (“Aurobindo's spiritualism can be seen as a way of ... SHADES OF ORIENTALISM - College of Arts and Sciences by P HEEHS – 2003
Nationalism, religion, and beyond: writings on politics, society, ... - Page 26 - Aurobindo GhosePeter Heehs - 2005 - Nandy contrasts Tagore's later ideas on nationalism with Aurobindo's early ideas on the subject. A more appropriate comparison would have been with Aurobindo's internationalism as presented in his works of 1915 and after. Aurobindo's ...
In Another Country: Colonialism, Culture, and the English Novel in ... - Page 10 - Priya Joshi - 2002 - Preview - More editions ... Ashis Nandy maintains that not only did colonized Indians soon create an "alternate language of discourse" to British ... the Indian alternative, articulated in practical and cultural politics by figures such as M. K. Gandhi and Aurobindo Ghose, visibly seeped back ...
Affective Communities: Anticolonial Thought, Fin-de-Siècle ... - Leela Gandhi - 2005 - Preview - More editions Likewise, and in an uncharacteristically Adornian reading of mysticism, Ashis Nandy discerns a contaminating authoritarianism in the spiritual style exercised by the French Mother of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in Pondicherry, accusing her of reinforcing rather than mitigating colonial hierarchies: ...
After amnesia: tradition and change in Indian literary criticism - Page 112 - G. N. Devy - 1995 - We will try to read the structure of this amnesia in the text of some selected literary theories produced by some of the ... Sri Aurobindo, Rabindranath Tagore and Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy are the three most influential literary critics of the...
Terrifying Vision: M. S. Golwalkar, the Rss, and India - Page xli - Jyotirmaya Sharma - 2007 - Preview - More editions European men of action such as Napoleon, Garibaldi and Mazzini, and through the attempts of men like Sri Aurobindo, Swami Vivekananda and V.D. Savarkar to articulate an idea of the nation during the colonial period. In the maturing and development of Golwalkar’s vision of a Hindu Rashtra, figures like Swami Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo, Tilak, Madan Mohan Malaviya and Savarkar played an important role… Similarly, Sri Aurobindo's thought represented for Golwalkar a perfect antidote to cultural amnesia and modern forms of secularism. In Golwalkar's reading of Aurobindo, the Maharishi was seen as an unambiguous votary of the ancient sanatana dharma as the basis of national life in India, or rather, Bharat.
Indian Writing in English: Critical Appraisals - Page 288 - Amar Nath Prasad - 2005 - Full view It displays the typical "amnesia" and distorted vision of the Indian towards his/her own history. And therefore as an Indian poem has little to contribute to Indian poetry, except for its sentimental nostalgia. Aurobindo's sonnet on the other hand ...
Devotional Poetics and the Indian Sublime - Page 164 - Vijay Mishra - 1998 - Preview - More editions The “establishment" Indian thus suffers from a massive amnesia when it comes to his or her own vernaculars of which ... in pointing out the total inadequacy of Sri Aurobindo's literary theory because he so desperately wanted to recast Indian ...
Neeti M. Sadarangani - 2004 - Full view ... novelists and pamphleteers like Surendranath Banerjee, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Aurobindo, Srinivasa Shastri, Bankim Chandra, Romesh Chunder Dutt and Rabindranath Tagore.
Indian Political Thought: Themes and Thinkers - Page 115 Prof. Mahendra Prasad Singh - 2011 - Preview - More editions Aurobindo was not the one to subscribe to a defensive and ascetic Hinduism. ...He talked the language of revivalism, and accused the British of creating policies that encouraged cultural amnesia in the people of the nation in order to produce ...
Philosophical Humanism And Contemporary India - Page 5 - Vishwanath Prasad Varma - 2006 - Preview - More editions However during the freedom struggle a mighty attempt was made by patriarchs and stalwarts like Dayananda, Tilak, Gokhale, Gandhi, Shraddhananda, Aurobindo, Malaviya, Savarkara, Hedgewar and others to build a political elan on the ...
Alternative Indias: Writing, Nation and Communalism - Page 11 - Peter Morey, Alex Tickell - 2005 - Preview - More editions 25 Notable progressives include Surendranath Banerjea, Pherozeshah Mehta, Mahadev Ranade and Gopal Krishna Gokhale; conservatives counted among their number Balgangadhar Tilak, Aurobindo Ghosh, Madan Mohan Malaviya, ...
Identity and Religion: Foundations of Anti-Islamism in India - Page 28 - Amalendu Misra - 2004 - Preview - More editions The main votaries of this approach were Swami Vivekananda, Aurobindo Ghosh, Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya and Bal Gangadhar Tilak. These thinkers went on to ask whether Islam and Hinduism contained any such shared understanding.
History of Philosophy (3 Vols. Set) - Page 107 - William Turner - 2007 - Preview Both Swami Vivekananda and Sri Aurobindo are credited with having found the basis for a vision of freedom and glory for India in the spiritual richness and heritage of Hinduism. Madan Mohan Malviya, a politician with the Congress Party and ...
R. P. Misra - 2007 - Preview The second group consisted of persons like Shyamji Krishnavarma, Sri Aurobindo Ghosh, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, ... The fourth group had Madan Mohan Malaviya, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Jagdish Chunder Bose, C.V. Raman, ...
Autobiography - Page 48 - Rajendra Prasad - 1946 - Preview ... bipin Chandra pal, Aurobindo ghosh and others, and the rightists by men like Sir pherozshah Mehta and gopal Krishna gokhale. Surendranath banerjee and pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya stood somewhere in between these two groups.
Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya: a socio-political study - Page 178 - Sundar Lal Gupta - 1978 - Aurobindo and Lajpat Rai stood at two ends of the Nationalist Party, Tilak had differences with Aurobindo. ...
History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : ... - Page 352 - Sisir Kumar Das - 1995 - Preview - More editions Tilak and Aurobindo gave Indian nationalism a religious hue. Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal, the two powerful leaders, strengthened that tradition. The Hindu Mahasabha met in 1915 under the leadership of Madan Mohan Malviya.
Aurobindo and Jugantar - Page 55 - Arun Chandra Guha - 197? - The Working Committee decided to appoint Malaviya to arbitrate on this dispute. Malaviya approved the list of delegates sent by the new BPCC, A large number of Jugantar workers went with Das to support the SWARAJIST POLITICS 55.
The life of Sri Aurobindo: a source book - Page 268 - Ambalal Balkrishna Purani - 1964 - In Swami Shraddhananda, Pandit Madanmohan Malaviya, Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi — to name some leaders, ... all the visions of perfection of the human spirit on earth, I found the synthetic and integral vision of Sri Aurobindo the most ...
Eclipse of Empire - Page 83 - D. A. Low - 1993 - Preview - More editions ... occurred; while from 1917 onwards Malaviya, Tandon and others were forming Kisan Sabhas and Kisan Sanghas ... UP. It is of major significance that unlike most of their predecessors (certainly Naoroji, Mehta, Gokhale, Aurobindo,...
Hinduism and Secularism: A Critical Study - Dr. R. S. Misra - 1996 - Preview - More editions But this ancient and living philosophy of life that has been upheld and reinterpreted even by the great thinkers and leaders of India of the present era. right from Swamy Vivekananda to Lokamanya Tilak, Mahamana Malaviya ji. Sri Aurobindo ...
Recent Philosophies of Education in India - Page 11 - Sarayu Prasad Chaube - 2005 - Preview - More editions ... Justice Ranade, Swami Dayananda, Mrs. Annie Besant, Pandit Madan MohanMalviya, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Ramkrishna Paramhamsa, Swami Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo, Rabindranath Tagore, Mahatma Gandhi and a host of others.
Tagores Chitra And Aurobindos SavitriA Comparative Study - Page 13 - Ketki N. Pandya - 2004 - Preview The important names who actively participated in these institutions were Tilak, Hardayal, Aurobindo Ghose, Ras Bihari Bose, Surendranath ... Therefore Madan Mohan Malviya, Lajpat Rai and other leaders joined the Hindu Mahasabha.
Gandhi or Aurobindo? and An appeal to Mr. Gandhi - Page 21 - Bhim Chandra Chatterjee - 1921 - Snippet view - More editions ... fifteen years ago at the call of Aurobindo Ghose. ... It was not without reason that the Extremist leaders of Bengal and Maharashtra, and Pundit Madan Mohan Malaviya on behalf of the United Provinces, opposed Mr. Gandhi on the Calcutta ...
Study of the psychological foundation of the "free progress ... - Page 16  - Chandrakant P. Patel - 1986 - of discussions and interviews with prominent educationists of Sri Aurobindo Ashram during his three months stay over ... Sri Aurobindo, Dr. D. K. Karve, Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar, Dr. J. C. Bose, Keshavachandra Sen, Pandit M. M. Malaviya, ...
Mother India: monthly review of culture - Volume 41 - Page 16 - Sri Aurobindo Ashram - 1988 - its own bankruptcy in the management of life. Poetry, music and literature offered temporary amnesia. They were good psychotropic drugs, but they cured nothing. It was in this mood of debilitating hopelessness that I discovered Sri Aurobindo, ...

November 12, 2012

Sri Aurobindo, Adorno, Levinas, and Laruelle

The Indian Condition from Centre Right India by Jaideep Prabhu: A version of this post was published on Niti Central on November 05, 2012.
It is remarkable how entrenched statism – and to a slightly lesser extent, socialism – are in the Indian psyche… Call it fate, or blame the vagaries of history, but around the time of the Enlightenment and the subsequent Industrious and Industrial revolutions, India underwent significant de-industrialisation and was ultimately colonised… The cost of missing an intellectual upheaval has been incalculable… There is no liberal tradition, based on individualism and liberty, in India… The institutional breakdown initiated by Indira Gandhi has taken a severe toll on the Indian political landscape. So what is the solution? I do not have one. 
Personally, I am deeply suspicious of anonymity, but personal dislike is not strong enough a reason to mandate disclosure. If dislikes were the yardstick, I’d also do away with poverty, socialism, war, and bigots. Sadly, it is not so. For all the “principled” opposition to anonymity, let it be noted – there is no such principle.

If the preference for an idea, the liking or disliking, strikes first, and the reasoning that justifies it follows, then learning more about the ingredients and mechanics of preference tells us about belief… This focus on the preferential moment, our liking or disliking, our desires, is unusual. It runs contrary to the main thrust of post-Enlightenment reason and science. But its role in believing the ideas we adopt as our own is, I’m arguing, necessary. If necessary we should know more about it. 

I’m working on a brief book on Levinas’s aesthetics that will also include some examination of his contributions to speculative metaphysics, philosophical ecology, race theory, and philosophy of art. The book will present what I’m calling the “darker side” of Levinas and is aimed at readers who would like an approach to Levinas that largely avoids redundant discussion of the face, the Other, and all the usual catchphrases… He’s a rich and, I think, dark thinker who deserves a more complex and diverse body of scholarship. At the end of the day I just think that there’s a lot more that can be done with him.

How exactly is Adorno to produce an effect in the world if only PhD’s in the humanities can understand him?  Who are these things for?  We seem to always ignore these things and then look down our noses with disdain at the Naomi Kleins and David Graebers of the world.  To make matters worse, we publish our work in expensive academic journals that only universities can afford, with presses that don’t have a wide distribution, and give our talks at expensive hotels at academic conferences attended only by other academics.  Again, who are these things for?  Is it an accident that so many activists look away from these things with contempt, thinking their more about an academic industry and tenure, than producing change in the world? …
Our most serious shortcomings are to be found at phase 2.  We almost never make concrete proposals for how things ought to be restructured, for what new material infrastructures and semiotic fields need to be produced, and when we do, our critique-intoxicated cynics and skeptics immediately jump in with an analysis of all the ways in which these things contain dirty secrets, ugly motives, and are doomed to fail.  How, I wonder, are we to do anything at all when we have no concrete proposals?  We live on a planet of 6 billion people.  These 6 billion people are dependent on a certain network of production and distribution to meet the needs of their consumption.  That network of production and distribution does involve the extraction of resources, the production of food, the maintenance of paths of transit and communication, the disposal of waste, the building of shelters, the distribution of medicines, etc., etc., etc.
What are your proposals?  How will you meet these problems?  How will you navigate the existing mediations or semiotic and material features of infrastructure?  Marx and Lenin had proposals.  Do you?  Have you even explored the cartography of the problem?  Today we are so intellectually bankrupt on these points that we even have theorists speaking of events and acts and talking about a return to the old socialist party systems, ignoring the horror they generated, their failures, and not even proposing ways of avoiding the repetition of these horrors in a new system of organization.  Who among our critical theorists is thinking seriously about how to build a distribution and production system that is responsive to the needs of global consumption, avoiding the problems of planned economy, ie., who is doing this in a way that gets notice in our circles?  Who is addressing the problems of micro-fascism that arise with party systems (there’s a reason that it was the Negri & Hardt contingent, not the Badiou contingent that has been the heart of the occupy movement).   At least the ecologists are thinking about these things in these terms because, well, they think ecologically.  Sadly we need something more, a melding of the ecologists, the Marxists, and the anarchists.  We’re not getting it yet though, as far as I can tell.  Indeed, folks seem attracted to yet another critical paradigm, Laruelle.
A centralized network is what we now critique as “transcendent”.  It was always a network, never a genuine transcendence (as in the case of Plato or theism), and never fully successful.  These networks were the medieval “great chains of being”, the Oedipus, patriarchy, and more recently systems of party politics or the Stalinist state-form.  They were machines that required all other nodes in an assemble to pass through one point:  God, the king, the father, the dictator, the president, or the party.  They were always a network.  At the other end of the spectrum we see anarchy or what communism should be.  Communism and anarchy are synonyms.  Sadly neither has ever been realized except at small scales.  This is the dream of all genuine politics:  a network without hubs…
A politics either aims to reinforce the power of a hub (reaction, authoritarianism, traditionalism), to demolish or produce new hubs (revolution), or to abolish hubs altogether in the name of forming a distributed network (anarcho-communism).  There’s really not much more to be said.  

A Tale of Two Scholarly Debates on Adam Smith from Adam Smith's Lost Legacy by Gavin Kennedy - A Response to Claude Hillinger’s “Adam Smith’s Argument For the Existence of An ‘Invisible hand’” Gavin Kennedy (Emeritus Professor, Edinburgh Business School, Edinburgh)
Smith’s assertion was confined to a modest quantitative arithmetical change in “annual revenue and employment”.  It concludes with comments on Claude Hillinger’s interesting, though ultimately flawed, version of Adam Smith’s supposed argument for the existence of an “invisible hand”.

Of transcendence from Love of All Wisdom by Amod Lele
Last time I discussed the relationship between the concepts of Ascent and of transcendence… A key feature of any kind of transcendence, it seems to me, is dissatisfaction: something appears wrong with that which one is trying to transcend. In Nussbaum’s transcendence-by-descent, one is dissatisfied with one’s own weaknesses and flaws. In an Ascent, one is in some sense dissatisfied with the whole world. But what if one is dissatisfied with the whole world in a way that motivates one not to step outside the world, but to changeit?
Such a formulation immediately calls to mind Karl Marx, whose gravestone reads “The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point, however, is to change it.” Such a view is at the heart of radicalism; it is directly opposed to any form of literal conservatism, where the point is to keep the world more or less as it is. But Marx is hardly alone in holding such radicalism. Modernism itself is radical: the celebration of the modern is a celebration of change, a break with the past.
But what I’ve repeatedly been noticing lately is the similarity between a Marxian radicalism or modernism, on one hand, and Ascent traditions on the other. Both aim for a transcendence of the world – because both hate the real world as it happens to be.

To the mind limited by the scope of our daily existence and understanding, rebirth is one among any number of theories, but not something settled. Sri Aurobindo points out that even from the viewpoint of the mental perspective, which weighs possibilities and probabilities, but cannot come to any certain conclusions, the theory of rebirth explains the facts of our existence at least as well as the other theories being entertained… The crux of the issue is whether the human being is a static creation fixed forever in its place, or an evolutionary being with dynamic potential to develop beyond the level of consciousness we currently are able to manifest. Rebirth provides a mechanism for dynamic development, which is not required in a static universe.